textual analysis

CINEMATOGRAPHY (write examples/what are the connotations?)

Shots

o   Close up: Used to empathise how important ` character/object is.

o   Long shot: This would typically show the entire object/ human in the frame and is usually intended to show the surroundings of the character

o   Zoom:  Used to create a different perspective of what the scene can already see when further out.

o   Tracking shot: this would be used to follow a character or object to show the s

Angles

o   High angle: Makes a character seem vulnerable and the puts the viewer in a position of power

o   Low angle: This would make a character seem strong and would put the view below them seeming like the character is better than them.

o   Arial: This shot is taken from an airborne device.

o   Eye level: this shot is taken at an eye level making it seem a lot more human. This would make the audience more focused on what the is in the scene.

o    

Camera Movement

o   Pan:

o   Dolly

Tilt 

SOUND (define these terms)

o   Diegetic sound:

A diegetic sound is any sound that is on screen. This would be heard by the characters in the scene as well as the audience.

o   Non-diegetic:

Non-diegetic is the sound that is only heard

by the audience for example narrators/

commentary. As well as sounds effects.

o   Parallel sound:

Parallel sound are sounds that match the scene emotion of feeling.

o   Contrapuntal sound:

The contrapuntal sound is where the sounds or music used in the scene contrast what is happing in the movie.

o   Sound bridge:

This is when the music or sound in one scene

would continue into the next one.

EDITING (define these terms)

o   Continuity editing:

This is the process when they would create shots that continue in to the next scene, so this will direct the viewers’ attention to the next scene.

o   Shot/reverse/shot:

The shot reverse shot is a film technique where one character is shown looking at another character this would normally be done when they are having a conversation.

o   Cut:

The cut process is done during the post-production process of film editing, a cut is an abrupt change to the next shot it is on.

o   Jump cuts:

A jump cut is a few seconds forward to the last shot.

o   Cross-cutting:

Crosse cutting is when the camera will cut away from one action to another action which would suggest them being simultaneity of these two actions.

o   Transitions:

A transition is when there is a joining of two shots or clips and the transition from one to the other.

o   Crossfade:

A crossfade is editing that makes a smooth transition from two audio or film files.

o   180-degree rule:

180-degree rule is a basic guideline regarding the on-screen spatial relationship between a character and another character or object within a scene 

Task 2

You will watch a clip of The Avengers Age Of Ultron and textually analyse the first 3 minutes, using as many key terms as possible.

Remember to consider the connotations – WHY have these decisions been made, what are the associations?

At the start of the clip, there are soldiers running around the area with the non-diegetic sound of someone saying they are being under attack. The camera movement is all shaky and unfocused as it could suggest how much of a rush they are in to stop the battle from getting any closer to the base they are in. it has lots of jump cuts to guns and army soldiers to show that they are preparing for something. After all, this happens it cuts to the Avengers all outside in the snow battle the army soldiers. There are no cuts within the next few minutes of the action scene and only really have tracking trolley shots within it. This could suggest the importance of this battle and could mean that if they take their eyes off it once then they could lose. In the tracking shots, they use the superheroes in each scene to move in front of the camera, so they can change focuses on to the next avenger and show what they are doing in this scene.

The diegetic sound used in the clip create the superhero and action genre to it. During the clip at the 38th-second mark, there is a moment when the Thor jumps on to a ledge and starts to punch and kick the enemy. the sounds used within these clips had a comic book feel and also a very generic sound as well. The diegetic sound used within this clip show the connotations of the genre of the film being an action superhero film the reason for this is because they had very generic punch sounds when they went on impact as well all so it used a very sci-fi sound when one of the enemies's where fighting towards them maybe this could be a reference to what is coming next in the film when the fight a sci-fi looking robot called Ultron. This could give the audience a sense of power with all the enemies being knocked down making them feel like they are supporting a strong group that will not stop until the world is saved. 

- Point (identify the technique)
- Example (detailed description of the content of the technique - the denotation)
- Explain (connotation, an explanation of meaning, with reference to the audience, genre, and/or representation).